Efficient Broadcast Scheme for DREM Protocol Based on Relative Neighbourhood Graph
Position-based routing protocols are most appropriate for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET), as they meet the growing demands in VANET applications, such as avoiding collisions and traffic jams. Position-based routing protocols depend on satellite systems, for instance, the global positioning system (GPS). Thus, the absence of GPS is regarded as a major challenge in such protocols. In addition, GPS services may be affected by errors, blocked by buildings, unavailable in tunnels, or in uncovered areas. This research presents a new Efficient Broadcast Scheme (EBS) to the Distance Routing Effect Algorithm for Mobility (DREM) protocol that overcomes the unavailability of GPS. It implements a broadcast scheme for transmitting messages to the vehicles. The Relative Neighbourhood Graph algorithm is employed by each vehicle for its neighbours before using the broadcast scheme to avoid sending redundant messages by eliminating crossing links. The proposal is implemented using the NS2 simulator, and the experiment results revealed promising outcomes, mainly in the continued performance of the DREAM protocol when GPS is absent. In addition to minimizing the number of required computing operations