JoWUA

Abstract

model training and knowledge transfer, however, require significant energy and pose sustainability issues. Most existing frameworks use distributed computing and high-energy distillation, creating scalability issues in resource-limited environments. This paper presents the Zero-Energy Cognitive Distillation (ZECD) Framework for 6G-edge ecosystems, offering energy-efficient knowledge transfer for superior learning performance. This framework includes a new cognitive distillation mechanism that dynamically filters knowledge, alleviating the need for excessive computation. Additionally, the proposed method combines lightweight edge-based student models with adaptive teacher selection and ambient energy harvesting with event-driven computation. This combination is intended to decrease power usage. Evaluations showed that the framework achieved a 42.7% reduction in energy consumption, a 35.3% decrease in latency, and a 28.9% increase in the speed of achieving model convergence over previously developed methods. Learning accuracy increased 11.6%. Robustness also improved under dynamic network conditions, with a decrease in performance of less than 5% when nodes failed. The results show that the proposed model prioritizes both energy and learning performance in large-scale 6G autonomous learning systems. This research offers an energy-efficient, scalable, and sustainable model for future intelligent systems and proposes the first energy-sensitive cognitive learning systems in distributed edge environments.